INTRODUCTION

Rather forest land into agricultural land recognized cause many problems such as declining soil fertility, erosion, extinction of flora and fauna, floods, droughts and even global environmental change. This problem gets worse from time to time in line with the increase in forest area is converted into land-use of other business. Agroforestry is a land management system that may be offered to overcome problems arising from the transfer of land use mentioned above and also to overcome the food problem. Agroforestry, as a new branch of science in agriculture and forestry, attempt to identify and develop the existence of agroforestry systems that have been practiced since the first time farmers. Put simply, agroforestry is to plant trees on agricultural land, and it must be remembered that the farmer or society is essentially elements (subjects). Thus, agroforestry study not only focused on technical issues and biophysics, but also social issues, economics and culture that is always changing from time to time, so that agroforestry is a dynamic branch of science.

For a lover of nature, is commonly wrestle with nature either natural or natural mountain wilderness. In wrestling with nature, especially the mountainous nature, a nature lover it is proper to know the map that describes the physical condition of the mountains. Because by using the map a little more will help in a good way of climbing activities or at the time to study the orientation field.

Basic principles that must be known for field orientation:

  

1. Understanding maps

Maps used for field orientation is a topographic map, a map that presents an overview of the earth's surface relief. Relief earth depicted on topographic maps in the form of horizontal lines called contour lines. Or in other words contour lines are lines connecting places at the same height. What must be understood in reading topographic maps are interpreted contour line forms correctly, whether it be the formation of the ridge, valley, ravine, river, so that will be able to obtain information about the high and low a place, form, depth, slope estimates, and so forth. This case was ruled as an absolute basic in orientation.