Prior to further explore how to overclock the Intel Core i7 processor, first I want to introduce this processor technology and the difference with the previously existing technology.
IMC (Integrated Memory Controller) & Triple Channel DDR3
The fundamental difference between the technology with the latest Core i7 Core 2 Quad is located in Duo/Core2 IMC (Integrated Memory Controller).
In the Core 2 Duo / Core 2 Quad, IMC is embedded in the chipset (X38, X48, P45, and so on). This causes the throughput capacity of memory depends on the chipset capabilities. While the Core i7, IMC moved to the processor so that the chipset can work theoretically lighter and throughput speeds faster memory bandwidth because they do not need to pass the chipset (Northbridge).
Differences architecture Duo/Core2 Core 2 Quad with Core i7
Front Side Bus 1066, 1333 and 1600 MHz processor known in the Core 2 Quad Duo/Core2 turned into QPI (Quick Path Interconnect) on the Core i7. Similarly, the former FSB speeds up to 1.6 GT / s-fold to 6.4 GT / s. This is because the speed of internal memory controller on the CPU is more effective than the Northbridge memory controller, not to mention the added implementation of Triple Channel DDR3 Core i7 platform. Although, the benefits or effects of the implementation of Triple Channel DDR3 is still not very significant in real applications.
In addition, the Intel Core i7 back Hyperthreading technology implementation (HT) or also known as Simultaneous Multi-Threading (SMT). Total core processors on Core i7 amounted to 4 fruit core (core) and each core has a SMT, so that a total of 8 thread on a Core i7 processor.
QPI (Quick Path Interconnect)
QPI is a replacement bus speed FSB, if the FSB is the data transmission path between the chipset, processor and memory, even simpler QPI. QPI is a data transmission speed of the processor to the chipset. If previously we know as the Northbridge chipset is set processor, memory and PCI-E lane, then the Core i7 processor, chipset, known as the IOH (Input-Output Hub) which serves as the input and output lines of the entire system.
Bclk (CPU Host Frequency) & CPU Multiplier
Total clock or the total frequency of a processor Core i7 is the result of multiplying the CPU Host Frequency (Bclk) with the CPU multiplier (CPU Ratio). For example, a Core i7 processor, Extreme Edition 965 has a speed of 3.2 GHz, this speed comes from the product 24 (CPU ratio) with 133 MHz (Bclk).
24 x 133 MHz = 3192 MHz (rounded to 3200 MHz)
To change this setting in the BIOS (the author uses the motherboard GIGABYTE EX58-Extreme) into the MIT sub menu There was no choice Bclk frequency changes from 1 to 1200 and the CPU Clock Ratio from 1x to 44x (depending on the type of processor that is used). Changes in the numbers will automatically change Bclk total frequency processors.
Example:
24 x 150 MHz = 3600 MHz (3.6 GHz)
By changing Bclk (CPU Host Frequency) from 133 to 150, you'll get a processor speed of 3600 MHz (3.6GHz). This value is 400 MHz higher than the standard speed of processors Core i7-965 Extreme Edition.
Especially for Core i7-965 Extreme, overclocking can also be done by changing the value of the CPU or CPU Multiplier Ratio.
Example:
28 x 133 MHz = 3724 MHz (3724 GHz)
By changing the value of the CPU Clock Ratio from 24 to 28, will get processor frequency of 3724 MHz from the standard speed of 3200 MHz. Once again keep in mind, overclocking by changing the CPU Clock Ratio only applies to processors of Core i7-965 Extreme. For the Core i7-920 and 940 CPU Clock Ratio can not be changed to a higher rate, because the fabrication Intel has locked the CPU Clock Ratio. For the Core i7-920 and 940, overclocking can only be done by changing the CPU Host Frequency (Bclk).
Keep in mind, the conditions were overclocking, system stability factor to consider. Instability can occur because of many things, one of which caused the QPI speed ride (if Bclk raised), the other factor is the speed of DDR3 and the Uncore Frequency of standard ride.
The picture can be seen below
Standard QPI processor Intel Core i7-965 Extreme is 6.4 GT / s with Bclk of 133 MHz, 2.66 GHz Frequency Uncore and DDR3 at 1333 MHz speeds. Notice the picture above, if Bclk increased by 150 MHz will have an impact on increasing the frequency of QPI, Uncore and DDR3, all three of these components closely and interdependence with Bclk. If one of these three components work in abnormal conditions or at higher speeds than the standard and tolerance has been exceeded will cause instability in the system. Examples of system instability restart for no reason, can not enter the operating system, application errors and often much more. To overcome the instability teroverlock system, provided divider or ratio of each component of QPI, Uncore and DDR3.
IMC (Integrated Memory Controller) & Triple Channel DDR3
The fundamental difference between the technology with the latest Core i7 Core 2 Quad is located in Duo/Core2 IMC (Integrated Memory Controller).
In the Core 2 Duo / Core 2 Quad, IMC is embedded in the chipset (X38, X48, P45, and so on). This causes the throughput capacity of memory depends on the chipset capabilities. While the Core i7, IMC moved to the processor so that the chipset can work theoretically lighter and throughput speeds faster memory bandwidth because they do not need to pass the chipset (Northbridge).
Differences architecture Duo/Core2 Core 2 Quad with Core i7
Front Side Bus 1066, 1333 and 1600 MHz processor known in the Core 2 Quad Duo/Core2 turned into QPI (Quick Path Interconnect) on the Core i7. Similarly, the former FSB speeds up to 1.6 GT / s-fold to 6.4 GT / s. This is because the speed of internal memory controller on the CPU is more effective than the Northbridge memory controller, not to mention the added implementation of Triple Channel DDR3 Core i7 platform. Although, the benefits or effects of the implementation of Triple Channel DDR3 is still not very significant in real applications.
In addition, the Intel Core i7 back Hyperthreading technology implementation (HT) or also known as Simultaneous Multi-Threading (SMT). Total core processors on Core i7 amounted to 4 fruit core (core) and each core has a SMT, so that a total of 8 thread on a Core i7 processor.
QPI (Quick Path Interconnect)
QPI is a replacement bus speed FSB, if the FSB is the data transmission path between the chipset, processor and memory, even simpler QPI. QPI is a data transmission speed of the processor to the chipset. If previously we know as the Northbridge chipset is set processor, memory and PCI-E lane, then the Core i7 processor, chipset, known as the IOH (Input-Output Hub) which serves as the input and output lines of the entire system.
Bclk (CPU Host Frequency) & CPU Multiplier
Total clock or the total frequency of a processor Core i7 is the result of multiplying the CPU Host Frequency (Bclk) with the CPU multiplier (CPU Ratio). For example, a Core i7 processor, Extreme Edition 965 has a speed of 3.2 GHz, this speed comes from the product 24 (CPU ratio) with 133 MHz (Bclk).
24 x 133 MHz = 3192 MHz (rounded to 3200 MHz)
To change this setting in the BIOS (the author uses the motherboard GIGABYTE EX58-Extreme) into the MIT sub menu There was no choice Bclk frequency changes from 1 to 1200 and the CPU Clock Ratio from 1x to 44x (depending on the type of processor that is used). Changes in the numbers will automatically change Bclk total frequency processors.
Example:
24 x 150 MHz = 3600 MHz (3.6 GHz)
By changing Bclk (CPU Host Frequency) from 133 to 150, you'll get a processor speed of 3600 MHz (3.6GHz). This value is 400 MHz higher than the standard speed of processors Core i7-965 Extreme Edition.
Especially for Core i7-965 Extreme, overclocking can also be done by changing the value of the CPU or CPU Multiplier Ratio.
Example:
28 x 133 MHz = 3724 MHz (3724 GHz)
By changing the value of the CPU Clock Ratio from 24 to 28, will get processor frequency of 3724 MHz from the standard speed of 3200 MHz. Once again keep in mind, overclocking by changing the CPU Clock Ratio only applies to processors of Core i7-965 Extreme. For the Core i7-920 and 940 CPU Clock Ratio can not be changed to a higher rate, because the fabrication Intel has locked the CPU Clock Ratio. For the Core i7-920 and 940, overclocking can only be done by changing the CPU Host Frequency (Bclk).
Keep in mind, the conditions were overclocking, system stability factor to consider. Instability can occur because of many things, one of which caused the QPI speed ride (if Bclk raised), the other factor is the speed of DDR3 and the Uncore Frequency of standard ride.
The picture can be seen below
Standard QPI processor Intel Core i7-965 Extreme is 6.4 GT / s with Bclk of 133 MHz, 2.66 GHz Frequency Uncore and DDR3 at 1333 MHz speeds. Notice the picture above, if Bclk increased by 150 MHz will have an impact on increasing the frequency of QPI, Uncore and DDR3, all three of these components closely and interdependence with Bclk. If one of these three components work in abnormal conditions or at higher speeds than the standard and tolerance has been exceeded will cause instability in the system. Examples of system instability restart for no reason, can not enter the operating system, application errors and often much more. To overcome the instability teroverlock system, provided divider or ratio of each component of QPI, Uncore and DDR3.
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